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# Prakash Dhungana

**Headline:** PhD Candidate at University of Kentucky
**Profession:** Graduate Research Assistant
**Location:** Lexington, Kentucky, United States

## About

Prakash Dhungana is a Ph\.D\. Candidate in Computer Engineering at the University of Kentucky and a Graduate Research Assistant focused on real\-time machine learning, TinyML, and on\-device continual learning for resource\-constrained embedded platforms\. Expected to complete his Ph\.D\. in August 2026, Prakash designs integer\-only C/C\+\+ inference engines, quantized ML pipelines, and adaptation systems for ARM Cortex\-M microcontrollers and Raspberry Pi\-class devices\. His strengths span the hardware\-software boundary: embedded ML deployment, low\-level drivers, automotive functional safety, AUTOSAR integration, real\-time optimization, and debugging of complex multicore systems\. At the University of Kentucky’s Computing with Unconventional Technologies \(CUT\) lab, advised by Dr\. Sayed Ahmad Salehi, Prakash developed embedded inference systems with 41 ms end\-to\-end latency and a 13\.5 kB memory footprint\. His keyword\-spotting work achieved 14 ms feature extraction and 6 ms quantized inference, while his on\-device adaptation maintained 94–96% wake\-word detection accuracy in challenging \-10 to \+10 dB SNR environments\. Previously, at TTTech Auto, now TrustMotion, he integrated NVIDIA DriveOS Safety Services into MotionWise under ISO 26262 and developed PCIe and DMA drivers for deterministic inter\-processor communication\. His automotive foundation began with three years of service\-engineering work diagnosing engines, ECUs, and powertrain control logic in Nepal\.

## Services

- VectorCAST
- Requirements Analysis
- Feature Extraction
- Safety Critical Software
- Technical Understanding
- Autonomous Vehicles
- Software System Analysis
- On\-board Diagnostics
- Kernel Drivers
- Software Certification
- ARM Cortex\-M
- Static Analysis
- AUTOSAR
- TinyML
- TensorFlow
- Vehicle Dynamics
- System Testing
- Safety Integrity Level \(SIL\)
- Transmission Control Protocol \(TCP\)
- Standard Template Library \(STL\)
- User Datagram Protocol \(UDP\)
- Service Provider Interface \(SPI\)
- Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter \(UART\)
- System Architecture
- Matplotlib
- Software Engineering Practices
- Version Control
- Git
- IEEE 802\.11
- Wireless Protocols

## Highlights

- Architected integer\-only C/C\+\+ inference engines for ARM Cortex\-M microcontrollers, eliminating floating\-point overhead and achieving 41 ms end\-to\-end latency in a 13\.5 kB memory footprint\.
- Developed on\-device continual\-learning systems for embedded models to adapt to domain shifts in real time, with on\-device and federated\-learning approaches\.
- Maintained 94–96% wake\-word detection accuracy in \-10 to \+10 dB SNR conditions through on\-device adaptation\.
- Implemented concept\-drift detection using anomaly detection over temporal buffers, with model adaptation using rehearsal buffers and spectral augmentation\.
- Built embedded keyword\-spotting and wake\-word detection systems using wavelet\-packet feature extraction and custom C/C\+\+ kernels\.
- Achieved 14 ms feature extraction and 6 ms quantized inference for keyword spotting while attaining optimal accuracy\.
- Profiled and optimized quantized ML model execution through bare\-metal firmware and hardware interfaces on constrained edge devices\.
- Applied model quantization and memory\-aware ML pipeline optimization for latency\-sensitive embedded deployments\.
- Worked with CNN and RNN models for audio\-to\-vision feature\-map processing using MFCC representations\.
- Integrated NVIDIA DriveOS Safety Services \(3LSS\) into TTTech Auto’s MotionWise autonomous\-driving middleware under ISO 26262 ASIL safety concepts and requirements\.
- Configured AUTOSAR BSW modules, including MCAL, NvM, and DEM, with DaVinci Configurator and Generator for Runtime Environment integration\.
- Implemented low\-level C/C\+\+ PCIe and DMA drivers on multicore SoCs to enable deterministic communication between safety and performance hosts\.
- Debugged middleware and low\-level RTOS issues with Lauterbach TRACE32, including stack usage and intercore communication\.
- Performed VectorCAST static analysis and unit testing, collaborated with QA on test strategy, and supported MISRA\-C/C\+\+ compliance\.
- Reduced DSP execution time by 89\.87% on a TI TDA2x automotive vision pipeline through frame\-wise lookup tables\.
- Implemented C/C\+\+ panoramic image\-correction pipelines meeting 60 fps real\-time constraints on automotive hardware\.
- Designed and deployed a real\-time panoramic color\- and brightness\-adjustment algorithm optimized for the ALPHA board\.
- Diagnosed engine and vehicle\-subsystem faults using onboard diagnostics and Diagnostic Trouble Codes at IME Motors / Goldfish International\.
- Analyzed electrical schematics and powertrain\-control\-module logic to resolve commercial\-vehicle hardware\-software interface issues\.
- Published peer\-reviewed research and presented embedded\-systems findings at international conferences\.
- Earned a Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering from Tribhuvan University, Institute of Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, in 2016\.
- Earned a Master of Science in Automotive Computing and Communications in Automotive Engineering from Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek in 2021\.
- Pursuing a Ph\.D\. in Computer Engineering at the University of Kentucky, expected in August 2026\.

## Experience

- **Graduate Research Assistant at University of Kentucky** (2023\-01\-01–present) — Conducted research on real\-time and embedded systems optimization for resource\-constrained platforms published peer\-reviewed research and presented findings at international conferences\. Architected custom integer\-only inference engines in C/C\+\+ for ARM Cortex\-M MCUs, eliminating floating\-point overhead to minimize latency \(41 ms\) and memory footprint \(13\.5 kB\)\. Interfaced bare\-metal firmware with hardware to profile and optimize quantized ML model execution on constrained edge devices, applying disciplined memory management under tight resource budgets\. Implemented on\-device continual learning algorithms enabling embedded models to adapt to domain shifts in real time, with and without cloud dependency \(on\-device/federated learning\)\. Developed novel feature extraction pipelines using wavelet packets and custom C/C\+\+ kernels, achieving optimal keyword\-spotting accuracy with 14 ms feature extraction and 6 ms quantized inference\.
- **Embedded Software Engineer at TTTech Auto \(now TrustMotion\)** (2021\-07\-01–2022\-12\-01) — Integrated NVIDIA DriveOS Safety Services \(3LSS\) into the MotionWise autonomous\-driving middleware platform, strictly adhering to ISO 26262 ASIL safety concepts and requirements\. Configured AUTOSAR Basic Software \(BSW\) modules including MCAL, NvM, and DEM using DaVinci Configurator and Generator, ensuring seamless integration with the Runtime Environment \(RTE\)\. Implemented low\-level C/C\+\+ drivers for PCIe and DMA on multicore SoCs, enabling deterministic inter\-processor communication between safety and performance hosts\. Debugged complex system\-level issues across middleware and low\-level software using Lauterbach TRACE32, analyzing software components, stack usage, and intercore communication in a real\-time operating system environment\. Performed static code analysis and unit testing with VectorCAST, collaborating with QA on test strategy and ensuring compliance with MISRA\-C/C\+\+ standards\.
- **Graduate Student Intern at TTTech Auto \(now TrustMotion\)** (2019\-11\-01–2021\-06\-01) — Optimized an automotive vision pipeline on TI TDA2x heterogeneous SoCs, reducing DSP execution time by 89\.87% through frame\-wise lookup tables\. Implemented C/C\+\+ image\-processing pipelines for panoramic image correction, meeting strict 60 fps real\-time latency constraints on automotive hardware\. Designed and deployed a real\-time panoramic image correction algorithm \(color and brightness adjustment\) optimized for the ALPHA board\.
- **Automotive Service Advisor at IME Motors / Goldfish International** (2016\-12\-01–2019\-08\-01) — Diagnosed complex faults in engines and vehicle subsystems using onboard diagnostic tools and Diagnostic Trouble Codes \(DTCs\)\. Analyzed electrical schematics and powertrain control module logic to resolve hardware\-software interface issues in commercial vehicles\.

## Education

- Doctor of Philosophy \- PhD, Computer Engineering — University of Kentucky (2022\-01\-01–2027\-05\-01)
- Master's in Automotive Computing and Communications, Automotive Engineering — Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek (2019\-01\-01–2021\-01\-01)
- Bachelor's degree, Mecahnical Engineering — Tribhuvan University, Institute of Engineering, Pulchowk Campus (2012\-01\-01–2016\-01\-01)
- Bachelor of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering — Tribhuvan University
- Master of Science \- MS, Automotive Computing and Communications — Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

## FAQ

### What does Prakash do?

Prakash is a Ph\.D\. Candidate in Computer Engineering at the University of Kentucky and a Graduate Research Assistant\. His current work centers on real\-time machine learning, TinyML, edge intelligence, and on\-device continual learning for resource\-constrained embedded systems\.

### What is Prakash studying at the University of Kentucky?

Prakash’s Ph\.D\. is expected in August 2026\. He is pursuing the degree at the University of Kentucky, where he is advised by Dr\. Sayed Ahmad Salehi in the Computing with Unconventional Technologies \(CUT\) lab\.

### What is Prakash’s Ph\.D\. research focused on?

Prakash researches real\-time and embedded\-systems optimization for constrained edge devices\. He architects integer\-only C/C\+\+ inference engines for ARM Cortex\-M microcontrollers, profiles quantized model execution through bare\-metal firmware and hardware interfaces, and applies disciplined memory management under tight resource budgets\. He has published peer\-reviewed research and presented findings at international conferences\.

### What performance results has Prakash achieved in embedded ML inference?

Prakash built custom integer\-only inference engines that eliminate floating\-point overhead, achieving 41 ms end\-to\-end latency in a 13\.5 kB memory footprint on ARM Cortex\-M MCUs\.

### What has Prakash built for keyword spotting and wake\-word detection?

Prakash developed keyword\-spotting and wake\-word detection systems for embedded devices\. His feature\-extraction pipelines use wavelet packets and custom C/C\+\+ kernels, achieving 14 ms feature extraction and 6 ms quantized inference while reaching optimal keyword\-spotting accuracy\.

### How has Prakash addressed wake\-word detection in difficult audio environments?

Prakash maintained 94–96% wake\-word detection accuracy in challenging low\-SNR acoustic conditions from \-10 to \+10 dB through on\-device adaptation\. His work addresses changing acoustic environments rather than relying solely on fixed models\.

### How does Prakash approach concept drift and continual learning?

Prakash implemented concept\-drift detection through anomaly detection over temporal buffers\. He developed adaptation methods using rehearsal buffers and spectral augmentation so embedded models can respond to changing acoustic conditions in real time\.

### What is Prakash’s experience with on\-device and federated learning?

Prakash has implemented on\-device continual learning algorithms that allow embedded models to adapt to domain shifts with or without cloud dependency, including on\-device and federated\-learning approaches\.

### What machine\-learning models and optimization methods has Prakash used?

Prakash has experience with CNN and RNN models for audio\-to\-vision feature\-map processing using MFCC representations\. He is skilled in model quantization and optimization of ML pipelines for memory\-constrained, latency\-sensitive embedded devices\.

### What embedded hardware platforms has Prakash used?

Prakash has worked with ARM Cortex\-M4 and Cortex\-M7 microcontrollers and Raspberry Pi\-class embedded devices\. His deployment work combines hardware\-specific ML pipeline design, firmware\-level profiling, and real\-time optimization\.

### What did Prakash accomplish at TTTech Auto, now TrustMotion?

At TTTech Auto, now TrustMotion, Prakash integrated NVIDIA DriveOS Safety Services \(3LSS\) into the MotionWise autonomous\-driving middleware platform\. This work followed ISO 26262 ASIL safety concepts and requirements\.

### What AUTOSAR and low\-level software work has Prakash done?

Prakash configured AUTOSAR Basic Software modules including MCAL, NvM, and DEM with DaVinci Configurator and Generator, supporting integration with the Runtime Environment\. He also implemented low\-level C/C\+\+ PCIe and DMA drivers on multicore SoCs for deterministic communication between safety and performance hosts\.

### What verification, debugging, and safety practices has Prakash used?

Prakash used Lauterbach TRACE32 to debug system\-level issues across middleware and low\-level software, including software components, stack usage, and intercore communication in RTOS environments\. He also performed static code analysis and unit testing with VectorCAST, collaborated with QA on test strategy, and supported compliance with MISRA\-C/C\+\+ standards\.

### What did Prakash accomplish during his TTTech Auto internship?

As a Graduate Student Intern at TTTech Auto, now TrustMotion, Prakash optimized an automotive vision pipeline on TI TDA2x heterogeneous SoCs\. Using frame\-wise lookup tables, he reduced DSP execution time by 89\.87%\.

### What automotive computer\-vision work has Prakash done?

Prakash implemented C/C\+\+ image\-processing pipelines for panoramic image correction that met strict 60 fps real\-time latency requirements on automotive hardware\. He also designed and deployed a real\-time color\- and brightness\-adjustment algorithm optimized for the ALPHA board\.

### What was Prakash’s experience at IME Motors / Goldfish International?

Prakash worked as an Automotive Service Advisor at IME Motors / Goldfish International\. He diagnosed complex engine and vehicle\-subsystem faults with onboard diagnostic tools and Diagnostic Trouble Codes, and he analyzed electrical schematics and powertrain\-control\-module logic to resolve hardware\-software interface issues in commercial vehicles\.

### What is Prakash’s educational background?

Prakash earned a Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering from Tribhuvan University, Institute of Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, in 2016\. He later earned a Master of Science in Automotive Computing and Communications in Automotive Engineering from Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek in 2021\.

### What are Prakash’s core software and embedded\-systems skills?

Prakash’s skills include embedded C, C\+\+, C\#, Python, TensorFlow, deep learning, artificial intelligence, machine learning, TinyML, computer vision, audio processing, feature extraction, device drivers, kernel drivers, microcontrollers, ARM Cortex\-M, Linux, embedded Linux, RTOS, embedded operating systems, IoT, and embedded systems architecture\.

### What automotive, functional\-safety, and quality\-assurance skills does Prakash have?

Prakash’s automotive and safety\-related skills include autonomous vehicles, ADAS, automotive engineering, AUTOSAR, ISO 26262, functional safety, safety\-critical software, Safety Integrity Level, software certification, requirements analysis, system testing, test planning, test execution, test cases, static analysis, VectorCAST, code review, debugging, debuggers, and on\-board diagnostics\.

### What additional engineering tools and professional skills does Prakash bring?

Prakash also works with Git and version control TCP, UDP, SPI, UART, IEEE 802\.11, and wireless protocols the C\+\+ Standard Template Library Matplotlib Eclipse Microsoft Office technical writing, documentation, and reports industry standards software engineering practices Agile software development problem solving communication teamwork organization continuous improvement and engineering analysis\.

## Links

- LinkedIn: https://www\.linkedin\.com/in/dhunganaprakas

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